1.
Association of serum vitamin D concentrations with dietary patterns in children and adolescents.
Ganji, V, Martineau, B, Van Fleit, WE
Nutrition journal. 2018;17(1):58
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In the absence of not enough exposure to sunlight , diet is an important contributor of vitamin D status. Henceforth, this study aimed to examine the correlation of blood plasma status of vitamin D to any dietary pattern. Data was collected through National centre of health statistics of USA in which, a 216-item food frequency questionnaire was included to gather information on dietary pattern of children and adolescents. The results from this study suggests that the greatest plasma concentrations of vitamin D status occurred in individuals who consumed a healthier diet, emphasising on vegetables, fruits, and some fish and lean meat. The authors though concluded that the difference seen in plasma vitamin D status could also be other than diet such as season, sun exposure and intake of vitamin D supplements as well as that, the bioavailibilty of vitamin D may be low in those who are overweight. Henceforth, from public health perspective children hould be encouraged to eat healthily.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because children have been advised on the dangers of sun exposure, diet is an important contributor of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations. Aim of this study was to determine whether serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with any specific dietary patterns in US children. METHODS Data from 2 cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 for individuals aged 2 to ≤19 y, were used to study relation between dietary patterns and serum 25(OH)D. We derived 2 major dietary patterns based on the food frequency questionnaire data. These were labeled as High-Fat-Low-Vegetable Dietary (HFLVD) pattern and Prudent Dietary (PD) pattern. RESULTS In multivariate adjusted analysis, there was no significant relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and tertiles of HFLVD and PD dietary pattern scores in all subjects, boys, and girls. When dietary patterns scores were used as a continuous variable in adjusted analysis, children (all) with higher PD contribution scores to overall diet showed a significant positive relation with serum 25(OH)D (β = 59.1, P = 0.017). When data were stratified by sex, a significant positive relation was observed in girls between serum 25(OH)D concentration and PD pattern scores (β = 82.1, P = 0.015). A significant negative relation was observed in girls between serum 25(OH)D and HFLVD pattern scores (β = - 88.5, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION Overall, serum 25(OH)D were associated with PD pattern but not with HFLVD pattern in US children. In public health perspective, it is important to encourage children, especially girls who are consuming HFLVD pattern to shift to healthier diet.
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Pilot Study Evaluating Efficacy of 2 Regimens for Hypovitaminosis D Repletion in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Simek, RZ, Prince, J, Syed, S, Sauer, CG, Martineau, B, Hofmekler, T, Freeman, AJ, Kumar, A, McElhanon, BO, Schoen, BT, et al
Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition. 2016;(2):252-8
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D is critical for skeletal health; hypovitaminosis D is common in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet optimal repletion therapy is not well studied. We aimed to conduct a pilot trial comparing the efficacy of 2 vitamin D regimens of weekly dosing for the repletion of hypovitaminosis D in pediatric IBD. METHODS Subjects identified from our IBD clinic with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations <30 ng/mL were randomized to 10,000 (n = 18) or 5000 (n = 14) IU of oral vitamin D3/10 kg body weight per week for 6 weeks. Serum 25(OH)D, Ca, and parathyroid hormone concentrations were measured at baseline, week 8, and week 12. RESULTS In the higher dosing group, serum 25(OH)D increased from 23.7 ± 8.5 ng/mL at baseline to 49.2 ± 13.6 ng/mL at 8 weeks; P < 0.001. In the lower dosing group, serum 25(OH)D increased from 24.0 ± 7.0 ng/mL at baseline to 41.5 ± 9.6 ng/mL at 8 weeks; P < 0.001. At 12 weeks, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 35.1 ± 8.4 and 30.8 ± 4.2 ng/mL for the higher and lower dose regimens, respectively. Mean serum Ca and parathyroid hormone concentrations did not significantly change during the study. No patient exhibited hypercalcemia, and no serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS Both treatment arms were safe and effective at normalizing vitamin D nutriture in pediatric IBD. Although significant repletion of 25(OH)D concentration was achieved in both dosing groups at 8 weeks, this effect was lost by the 12-week follow-up. Maintenance vitamin D therapy following initial repletion is likely required to maintain long-term normalized vitamin D status.